Interview with Ghislaine Maxwell Defense Witness Dr. Elizabeth Loftus

With Dr. Elizabeth Loftus having just testified on behalf o f the defense in the Ghislaine Maxwell trial, more people are delving in to the background of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation she was associated with. Dr. Morris Jolyon West, the MK-Ultra researcher and cult expert was also a member of the group's Scientific Advisory Board. I wrote about the False Memory Syndrome Foundation and their connection to pedophile activists like Ralph Underwager and other interesting tidbits from the group's history in my book Pedogate Primer: the politics of pedophilia.

Showtime's Buried Docuseries Puts Repressed Memories On Trial

I interviewed Dr. Loftus around the first anniversary of the anniversary of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation closing their doors in December of 2020.

PF: If I broach a topic that is too personal feel free to decline to answer and also please do set me straight if I am off in any details and please correct me, set me straight if I’m off in any of my details?

L: What are you writing or what is your product going to be? L

PF: I’m interested in the memory wars of the 80s and 90s and in the False Memory Syndrome Foundation which was a key part of what some have dubbed the memory wars.

L: OK.

PF: And first off, I wanted to ask, just a personal question you recently won the prestigious John Maddox award for science, but this is just one of many awards and commendations you’ve received. What would you say is your greatest achievement and/or the most proud moment in your professional career?

L: Well those are two different questions, I think the achievement I would answer by saying, I’ve spent a terrific professional life. I get to make scientific discoveries and also apply those discoveries to real world cases and to help people along the way. That’s my greatest achievement?

PF: So you were always interested in science as a vocation? When did you realize that’s what you wanted to do?

L: No, it wasn’t I contemplated a bunch of other things, I was maybe going to be a high school math teacher

PF: Oh wow!

L: That’s what I thought I’d end up doing.

PF: I wanted to be an entomologist until i realized “Oh, wait, you have to touch the bugs?”

You were one of the original members of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation scientific advisory board, what was that experience like?

L: First of all, I was working on these repressed memory cases when I got a call from Martin Orne who was one of the original members, I wasn’t. He asked me if I would join this board since I had been doing research on memory distortion and had already worked on a few cases of claims of repressed memory and was deeply interested in the issues it was just a natural thing for me to do to become a member of what became a very, very large, fifty people or something scientific advisory board. That happened maybe in 1993ish...

PF: Ok, I know you published an article about the False Memory Syndrome Foundation in Washington Post in 1991...

L: That was an article about a talk I gave, that was written about a talk I gave to the American Psychological Association about false memories that was published in the Washington Post.

PF: Okay, once again thank you and please correct me on my details because I want to make sure this is as accurate as possible. And I think you answered another one of the questions I was going to ask I was going to ask you if the Freyd’s contacted you, perhaps they saw that article but sounds like.... I knew Dr. Orne was your entry... [note: Dr. Martin Orne also worked on the CIA's MK-Ultra mind control program, Loftus herself was a consultant to the CIA and is referenced in the Hoffman Report related to APA ethics issues related to Guantanamo Bay.]

L: I didn’t know them before I got involved in this issue, but I certainly knew who Martin Orne was, a very prominent psychiatrist who was very involved in the organization

PF: Ok here’s another question, do you believe that there are cases of... because this is another one of the controversies in the memory wars, speaking of war. Are you of the opinion that trauma-induced memory loss in Vietnam veterans is something that happens or is that another case of “psychological confusion?”

L: Well, there are lots of reasons combat veterans have difficulty remembering things. Some of them have to do with the physiological...

PF: Traumatic brain injury for instance?

L: Yeah, injury, exhaustion, you know, starva- hunger, fear, all kinds of things. Lack of sleep.

PF: So in a way, I guess you could say, there are cases of trauma induced memory loss, but its kind of an apples and oranges thing compared to the FMSF case.

L: Well, I mean, show me a case where they said ‘I really thought it was a lovely war until I went to therapy and then no I learned that no, it was horrible. Those cases don’t look anything like the claims of repressed memories

PF: Gotya, apples and oranges.

L: Family members who joined the False memory syndrome foundation effort

PF: Ok, now for your work, which of course you’re very proud of, have a right to be proud of, you’ve had a long and distinguished career. You’ve also however received a lot of hate mail, death threats, I know that occurred a lot in the 90s... another two-parter do you think this was due to your work with the foundation and your position on false memory syndrome...

L: Oh no, it was definitely my position on the issues

PF: Have the hate letters....

L: the skepticism that I was expressing in my speeches and in my writing. (nods)

PF: Because it’s a hot button issue, have the hate letters and death threats subsided at least?

L: Well I testified earlier this year for a very unpopular person in a sexual assault case and there was a lot of publicity about that so they, I ended up getting a new round of hate mail, but that was early at the beginning of this year (recorded Dec 2020).

PF: I’m going to go out on a limb here, I’m assuming you’re talking about the Weinstein trial. Can you tell me what that ordeal was like and if there were any limits on the testimony you were able to give on the stand?

L: Yeah, I just gave very general memory testimony. I was not permitted to talk about any specific people just general memory testimony about memory distortion and that’s, you know, at some point I could send you a transcript.

PF: Oh my gosh, I would love that!

L: So email me at and I’ll
PF: Oh sorry, you broke up there for a second, but yes I will email and please do. Another question, would you characterize yourself as an advocate of science for science’s sake as a way or both pure and applied or do you not take favorites?
L: Well I happen to do scientific work that is both theoretical and has applications.

PF: Ok, here’s another question that I’m dying to know, do you believe there are any cases where people do repress memories that are related to sexual abuse or other types of child abuse either with or without the aid of a therapist.

L: I think that people can not think about something for a long time and be reminded of it. They can even not think about something, y ou know, awful and be reminded of it. Any memory scientist appreciates the value of a retrieval cue

PF: Like smells.

L: Ordinary forgetting and remembering, I don’t think there is any credible scientific support for the idea of massive repression. I appreciate Richard McNally, who is a professor at Harvard a clinical psychologist and researcher who calls the repression idea folklore.

PF: Ok, and another important question here, and I’m sure you’ve gone over this many times, but just to get it on the record for my research. What methods are most likely to result in false memory implantation?

L: Suggesting things to people, guided imagination, taking them through imagination exercises when they can’t remember something, sexualized dream interpretation, hypnosis, giving people books to read that advance the theory of repression, putting them in group therapy when they don’t have any memories and they listen to lots of other people talking about abuse, exposing them to other forms of suggestive psychotherapy. These are some of the things I’ve seen in many cases I’ve been involved in.

PF: Speaking of books what are your thoughts on the book Courage to Heal?

L: Ah, I think Courage to Heal is a book that for people who genuinely wree abused could be a comfort for those individuals to make them feel understood they’re not alone, other people have gone through the experience that’s probably a big part of why the book is so popular. But when it comes to people who don’t have any memories and the book is telling them even if you don’t have memories if you have the symptoms you’ve probably been abused and encourages them to develop memories and encourages them to provide a list of lawyers to take their cases if they decide to sue then I think you’re entering into dangerous territory.

PF: So it’s a mixed bag...

L: Yes.

PF: And that’s another thing how much of the repressed memory stuff especially as it relates to litigation and people suing their parents how much of that is well intentioned therapists and ministers and criminal investigators and how much of it, I’m going to use a very strong word, grifters and people who are purely in it for financial gain or is that something that we can’t really quantify.

L: Well, I have been very generous about my attribution of motivations, you know, and just assume that the promoters of these techniques and strategies think they’re helping people. They’re, you know, if you talk to Richard Ofshe

PF: Yeah, haha

L: If you can turn a $2000 eating disorder patient into a $200,000...

PF: (laughing) I read that, I read that paper just the other day, that’s what got that idea in my head actually.

L: So that was Ofshe’s view back then, I don’t know how he’s feeling today. But I have been kind of kinder to the therapists in assuming that they really had one and only one idea of what was wrong with their patient and they pursued that agenda.

PF: Speaking of Professor Ofshe, off topic for just a second and I’ll get right back, but I am so thankful for his work exposing Scientology, he was one of the pioneers. It was very dangerous to go up against scientology back in the 80s...

L: Oh yeah, he was a big target of them...

PF: Oh yeah! They’re some scary folks. Can I ask you one more, this is another slightly off topic question. As a kid I was a huge fan of Daniel Keyes' Flowers for Algernon and many years later I cracked open a copy of The Many Minds of Billy Milligan. I personally don’t deny the possibility of dissociative identity disorders but something didn’t sit right even before they bring in the psychiatrist. To examine Sybil, Dr. Cornelia Wilbur who was later found to have coached her client, do you feel that it’s possible, as I do, that Daniel Keyes and Dr. Cornelia Wilbur were so caught up in the excitement of examining a rare, and of course publishable, case that they just believed Billy implicitly despite the possiblity that maybe he’s just a kid from an abusive home who watched 3 Faces of Eve on tv as a kid and thought “I’m gonna do that one day.”

L: Well, I love Debbie Nathan’s book Sybil Exposed and I think her analysis was just brilliant. And, you know, I don’t know the full sotry of the motivations and so on and I think that was an iatrogenically created case of a multiple.

PF: With Sybil or also in the case of Milligan?

L: I don’t know about Milligan.

PF: We know Sybil but... Eve...

L: What’s that about Eve? I met her in London we were together at a conference.

PF: Do you believe her case was legitimate?

L: No, not particularly. These people have the symptoms, the question is how did they get that way?

PF: Do you think most cases of DID are iatrogenic?

L: I don’t want to venture there.

PF: Now course the, another question I wanted to get on to is what is your opinion on Dr. Bessel Van Der Kolk’s research?

L: Well he’s a huge promoter of this idea of trauma therapy that there was no evidence for. He was frequently expert testimony on opposing sides of court cases.

PF: Right yeah,

L: And I don’t think there’s any good evidence that the body keeps the score. [The Body Keeps The Score is the title of a best selling book by Dr. Van Der Kolk]

PF: Haha

L: He’s gotten a lot of mileage out of that meme.

PF: Oh my gosh, wow. Umm, ok, ok, umm, now let’s see, you’ve said mentioning Richard McNally, in the Forbes article I was reading it was mentioning Dr. Van Der Kolk and Richard McNally vs Daniel Brown, yourself vs Crook and Dean, Pope vs Kihlstrom and a handful of major players... have the memory wars ended?

L: No.

PF: No?

L: You should look at a paper that’s linked on my UC Irvine website, published just a few years ago, an extensive survey of professionals and you’ll see there’s still lots of controversy over memory scientists and clinical research academics like McNally tend not to believe in it but certain mental health groups still do and that paper lays out the gap and the controversy that still exists.

PF: Now, another question I have is related to, I mentioned the Crook and Dean paper in Ethics and Behavior and I read your rebuttal as well. Now, in the mall study you said the subjects were asked to read what their relatives have told them about each event. Now how does this apply to what a therapist might tell a client and can we generalize from that or is this another case like vietnam vets vs child abuse...

L: That was a study to show that you could plant an entire memory into the mind of an adult about a hildhood event that would have been at least mildly traumatic. Since that time all kinds of investigators have planted all kinds of whole events in the minds of people

PF: So that was before the formalized model of study, ok.

L: Yeah, that just happened to be the first one. And you know, of course, it used a strong form of suggestion but many other studies have shown that even milder forms of suggestion can lead people to false memories like guided imagination or dream interpretation or some of the other methods that some therapists were using.

PF: I take it you’re an anti-Jungian.

L: I don’t know much about Jung.

PF: I’m not gonna lie, I was interested in, you mentioned folklore earlier, I am a huge fan of folklore and mythology, I love Bettelheim, I really enjoyed Jung’s book on alchemy and some of that may verge on pseudoscience, but I still find it really fascinating.

L: Ok.

PF: But I’m getting off topic here again, I do apologize.

Ok, regarding the Crook and Dean case again, she lodged an ethics complaint saying you misrepresented her lawsuit to the media and then you resigned from the APA. Now was this incidental, were you pressured or was it completely unrelated?

L: Well first of all, I made a couple of remarks to a journalist about a case that I worked on and she recognized herself in one detail in the case. She sued...

PF: Wait, is she Jane Doe? [Loftus' Jane Doe case study with Melvin Guyer resulted in the Taus v. Loftus lawsuit]

L: No this is not Jane Doe.

PF: Ok, because I know there was a big deal about a Jane Doe and...

L: That’s different. That came later.

PF: Ok sorry for the confusion and thank you for setting me straight. Speaking of the Jane Doe case, can you tell me a little about that because initially she was working with you... I’m so sorry, please finish.

L: She complained about an anonymous reference I made.

PF: Ok.

L: To a journalist who was writing an article for Psychology Today magazine and she, that started this long, obsession that she developed about me where she just, you know, uh, just emerged over and over to the point that I felt like I was being stalked.

L: Ah, so you feel she’s held a grudge since that innitial lawsuit.

PF: Oh absolutely.

L: She claims she filed an ethical complaint but APA never confirmed or denied it and I resigned from APA at about that same time but it had nothing to do with that complaint. [This claim is disputed in the Hoffman Report, claiming that Loftus was given forewarning by the APA]

PF: Wow, I did not know that about the, so there’s no corroboration to your knowledge of an actual ethics complaint being lodged.

L: Exactly.

PF: I can’t even remember where I read that, I will have to check. My notes are all out of whack there. This is week two of research so I haven’t even begun to put things in stacks yet. Ok, now, so in an email you referred to her as “dangerous and deceptive” do you feel that there’s genuine malice in her crusade against you.

L: Oh heck yeah, I do.

PF: So it’s personal in your opinion.

L: Yeah.

PF: Ok. Now um, are you familiar with Professor Ross Cheit at Brown University who wrote the book The Witch Hunt Narrative

L: He pronounces it CHITE

PF: Oh no the curse of the autodidact I can never pronounce anything right. Now have you read the Witch Hunt Narrative and what do you think?

L: Uh, I just think it’s an exaggeration but its mostly about the child cases where the kids are still kids. You should talk to Steve Ceci and maggy Bruck because they are the main targets of his attack.

PF: And how do you spell Ceci?

L: C E C I , he’s at Cornell.

PF: And Maggy Bruck. Thank you so much.

L: Steve Ceci.

PF: Now when I was reading that book, I will give him great credit, to his credit he points out a lot of the issues with the interviews. A lot of those interviews they were absolutely like the children were led, but at the same time I do somewhat agree that once this idea that “oh well the children are being led” do you think it’s possible that that led to some child abuse victims who were legitimate not being believed once that idea had been popularized?

L: I don’t know, I think Debbie Nathan would be another good person for you to talk to if you can because she covered those kinds of cases so thoroughly. Extensively.

PF: Well I emailed her and she gave me full permission to quote but basically said as fqr as the memory wars project that wasn’t her forte

L: She didn’t want to talk about it.

PF: Now, let’s see, here’s a two parter and this one’s a little more hardball. Now there were some ethical issues that have been lodged against some of the scientists who were involved in the false memory syndrome foundation. I’m talking about Dr. Louis West particularly and some others who were involved in the CIA’s MK-Ultra. Now to invoke the trolley dilemma thought experiment, do the ends justify the means if the suffering of a single person or small group of people result in the amelioration of the pain of millions. That’s more of an ethics question but...

L: well that’s an ethical question, I’m a memory person. People are going to resolve that depending on their, you know, morality and ethical feelings but I don’t want to venture outside of my expertise.

PF: Ok that’s fine, now were you aware of MK Ultra and their research at the time you were on the board with them.

L: I, I think I... I did read this bizarre speech by Cory Hammond, but I don’t know about that. That’s not anything I ever was involved in.

PF: I stick to stuff like the Church Committee hearings, uh, (laughing) a lot more, I think Cory Hammond, that’s the guy I’ve read some of his stuff too, something about different colors and beta kitten mind control sex slaves and MK Monarch programming and I’ve read the FOIA documents ok, I’ve got no doubt that MK Ultra exists. You know Bill Clinton apologized for the Canadian experiments that Dr. Cameron did but a lot of what Hammond spoke about there’s zero evidence for most of his claims so yeah. Now and here’s another tough one, I’m sure you weren’t aware at the time, but what are your thoughts of the Ralph Underwager Paidika scandal where he made that regrettable quote regarding pedophilia...

L: I don’t... I, I, he made some regrettable quote, but I didn’t really follow it that closely.

PF: It, it was like, you talk about Hammond it was equally, equally, nuts “I believe it is god’s will that there be closely and intimacy and unity of flesh beyond people and pedophiles can... (Loftus: over the quote: “yeah he probably regretted saying that). You know what blows my mind is that, you know, the foundation said denounce what you say, say you were wrong and he refused to he said there’s no scientific evidence to bear that child abuse is harmful and he was asked to step down. Do you think that his involvement could have cast any kind of a pall on the organization and its work?

L: I don’t have an opinion about that, but the board or whoever decided it would be better that he not be in a prominent position for them to be able to achieve the goals and mission then that’s their decision.

PF: And yes, definitely, it would have been a PR nightmare to keep him on after that. Umm, now uh, Dr. Martin Orne, he very much to be commended exposed serial killer Kenneth Bianchi, also malingering attempting to use DID as a defense for unspeakable crimes. Do you know anything about one of his mentors he cites, Dr. G.H. Estabrooks. [Estabrooks wanted to induce alter personalities via trauma in order for the purposes of espionage, his work was influential to MK-Ultra]

L: No.

PF: Yeah, ok, never mind then. Estabrooks actually was charged with the military to attempt to use trauma to create alternate personalities as for whether that went anywhere there’s no, uh, there’s no way of knowing. And now what would you say to people like Mike Stanton who claimed in the Columbia Journalism Review that the FSMF was a “PR machine?” What’s your rebuttal to that?

L: (pause for a few seconds) Well, I don’t even know what that means. It was a group of people who were very concerned with a problem in society that they were seeing and they sought to try to do something about it.

PF: I think his, the gist was, the effectiveness in marshalling both the media, and the courts and in some cases didn’t some of the work that the foundation do influence not only the number of litigations against parents but once therapists started getting sued changed the way what you referred to as “recovered memory therapy” was done. I guess in a way you could definitely say that the foundation was a lobby even though it was probably more of a think tank.

L: I don’t know, you, it it’s people who, uh, I mean, would you say that people who, who... are concerned uh, uh about pancreatic cancer and form a foundation to try to deal with it, support research and educate people that they’re a lobby?

PF: Uh, yeah.

L: Well maybe you have a broad definition of lobby that has a kind of connotation about it...

PF: Ah, I understand, I understand, maybe lobby is the wrong word.

L: That’s why I, I, would not like to use that word. A group of people, of families who were devastated and professionals who were concerned on their behalf to come together to try to work on a societal problem.

PF: Well that’s a great answer. What are your thoughts, I call it the strange bedfellows effect. The odd alliances that sprung up. Who ever would have guessed that Gloria Steinem and Pat Robertson would be working side by side uh, during the satanic panic era to discredit FSMF

L: ...to promote satanic ritual abuse and put it on the cover of Ms. Magazine but that was an unpleasant moment in this whole saga.

PF: Ok, and uh, now you have represented some incredibly controversial figures. Ted Bundy, Jerry Sandusky, Harvey Weinstein... would you say that your work on the defense was it more in the service of science rather than simply to defend these people or did y ou honestly believe that they might be innocent.

L: Well first of all Ted Bundy was accused of aggravated kidnapping in 1976 no one knew even who Ted Bundy was then. All he was was a first year law student at the university of Utah law school who was accused of trying to kidnap a woman out of a shopping mall parking lot in broad daylight.

PF: And a member of the Young Republicans of course.

L: I didn’t know he was.

PF: No he was a member of the Young Republicans specifically.

L: And there were issues about that identification, was made like 9 months later under some questionable circumstances and I talked about, you know, eyewitness identification and what we know about it.

PF: So you didn’t necessarily feel that they were innocent uhhhh...

L: Oh no, I don’t decide if someone is innocent or guilty.

PF: Right and in America that’s how things work everyone has a right to the best defense possible.

L: Well we are innocent until proven guilty under this wonderful system of ours and even very unpopular people have right to a defense.

PF: Yes, yes, that’s the rule of law and when we break down the rule of law because x,y,z group are unpopular that’s a very slippery slop I would definitely personally agree. Now speaking of controversial figures, were you at all acquainted with the Eberles who also were involved in the foundation.

L: I don’t even remember them being involved in the foundation. They wrote a book about...

PF: the Politics of Child Abuse yeah.

L: I don’t remember them being on the advisory board.

PF: Oh no no no, I don’t believe they were on the scientific advisory board at all and in fact may have been more like Debbie Nathan where they extensively used quotes and attended some of their meetings and, organizational meetings and things

L: I don’t know that I ever met them.

PF: Ok, I was going to ask if you thought they were being railroaded by the LAPD who apparently...

L: Oh no, I don’t know anything about that.

PF: This is something I kind of went over already. Dr. Pamela Freyd on PBS, I think it was Frontline, said part of the reason for the foundation was because everyone has a right to defend himself or herself and have those accusations examined. And I will happily concede that there are certainly cases where with the aid of hypnosis or other you’ve mentioned that memories can be implanted. Do you feel there could be a conflict of interest, Dr. West was working with MK Ultra was learning how to implant memories, do you think there was any possible conflict of interest.

L: I, I... pause I, uh, the scientific and professional advisory board, a number of people with different, completely different expertise that they bring to (clears throat) thinking about this problem.

PF: Did you know Dr. West personally?

L: I don’t, I’m not sure that I’ve ever met him.

PF: I find him an incredibly fascinating figure. I can’t agree with all he did. I appreciate his work against scientology, some of the things that are on the record in the Church Committee hearings are unconscionable of course, as far as science for science’s sake, I don’t believe he was an evil person per se, I do find him incredibly fascinating. Now in an interview a couple years ago, Dr. Pamela Freyd was asked if she thought that the foundation had achieved its goals and she said something along the lines of how the, she thought that it had basically done its work and they could quote slowly disappear. Do you agree with Dr. Freyd there? Do you think the work is done?

L: I wish they were still around because they were a fantastic resource for these desperate grieving famimly members and they helped so many people giving them advice, directing them to good therapists or directing them to good lawyers or directing them to other family members who could give them comfort and understanding. So there’s a gap because there’s still people who need those resources and the foundation isn’t there to provide it anymore. Except for the website that they maintain. Especially the archive of its newsletters which I think will be very handy for you.

PF: Oh yes, thanks so much and btw thanks for so many extra leads. So, it’s the fact that the Freyds are no longer available to lead the organization that you attribute its closing last December then?

L: I think they’re retired now and somebody’s got to want to put the time and,yaknow, energy to keep it going. And this is the solution after however many decades.

PF: Ok, awesome. Now...

L: Twenty five years or whatever.

PF: 27, yeah.

L: Oh, 27.

PF: Have you seen, I’ve been reading, I’ve been interested in the memory wars situation for years and in the past few weeks have been kind of intensively into research and looking into both sides and getting as much information from both camps. And I watched Mary Knight’s documentary that actually featured an interview with you. Did you see that interview?

L: That was awful.

PF: Oh no, yeah?

So you were not a fan of the documentary.

L: No it was sort of ridiculous, I don’t know why she had this camera on me with this side view the whole time, it was very, I felt sort of misled. And sorry I cooperated.

PF: Do you feel you were misrepresented?

L: No, just misled. I don’t know. I thought she would be more open minded.

PF: So there wasn’t any selective editing or anything like that.

L: Well probably, was completely edited.

PF: Well of course, but ok, what I meant was edited to cut out anything specifically to make you look good and her look bad.

L: I well, again, it’s been a while since I saw it so I don’t remember it and its certainly a very long time since I talked to her so I can’t tell you what was cut out and whatever but certainly was not the whole interview.

PF: Another person who was in the interview that, by the way, you were able to keep your cool and calm unlike Eleanor Goldstein. She seemed to blow up in the interview a bit. What are your thoughts on Goldstein and her books on false memory syndrome.

L: I understand that Goldstein was, you know, one of those devastated family members and if they have a kind of anger of what happens in their family you almost can’t blame them.

PF: I get that, I just can’t gibe with, the one quote she made it’s even in the trailer, it gave me goosebumps when she basically said sexual touch in regards to children is not the horror of horrors that it’s made to be and children need to be responsible at some point which smacks of victim blaming. I can understand being upset if she was falsely accused, I know her daughter says she was a victim of abuse, I can understand the anger I can not however understand saying oh child abuse is not that bad, handwaving it away and saying don’t hold a grudge.

L: You’re going to have to talk to her about that whether it was a very unfortunate

PF: That would be good to know. I tried to send her an email but couldn’t find her contact information if you have her

L: I think Pam Freyd would know how to reach her.

Well when you email me, I can send you Pam Freyd’s email but we’ll have to wrap this up I have an event tonight, I budgeted an hour for this and it’s already an hour.

PF: One last question then, at this point would you consider false memory syndrome “settled science” as the popularized phrase goes.

L: I don’t use the false memory syndrome, I study false memories

PF: Aha so that’s another misrepresentation.

L: False memory syndrome is the name of an organization or its a condition that John Kihlstrom defined at some point, but I don’t think you need the expression. People can develop false memories and I know a great deal about how that happens.

PF: Well it’s been excellent speaking with you and I apologize for my nervousness and taking up so much time...

L: You know those archived newsletters will give you all kinds of ideas because as they cover people’s speeches people’s articles and for other people that you might want to interview.

PF: Thank you so much Dr. Loftus have an excellent rest of the day good luck in your event later and hopefully we can keep in touch.

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